Art of finishing cloth



(No Model.)

- 1). GESSNER.

ART OF FINISHING CLOTH.

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ART OF FINISHING CLOTH. 2 m Patented Aug 7, 1888.

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D. .GESSNER.

ART'OF FINISHING CLOTH.

Patented Aug. 7

"TATES PATENT Trice.

DAVID GESSNER, OF XVOROESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

ART OF FlNlSHlNG CLOTH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 387,295, dated August 7, 1888.

Application filed September 4, 1886. Renewed June 16, 1888. Serial No. 277,353. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DAVID Grass-nan, of

the cloth after having received a pressure and while being held under pressure.

I do not intend to limit myself to any particular form of apparatus for carrying out my process; but I- will proceed to describe and show in the drawings various modifications of apparatus by which it may be done.

' Figure 1 is a crosssection of a cylindenand two bed-plates, with a steamer attached so as, to format part ofthe lower bed-plate. Fig. 2 is the same thing, excepting that the steamer is attached to the upper bed-plate. Figs. 3 and 4. are detail views, enlarged, of the parts shown in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively. Fig. 5

'is a detail view of the steamer and a part of the lower bed-plate, taken in the direction of the arrow :0, Fig. 3, with the cover of the steamer removed. Fig. 6 is a detail view of the steamer and apartof the lower bed-plate, taken in the direction of the arrow y, Fig. 3, with the cover of the steamer in place. Fig. 7 is a detailview of the face of the steamer, taken in the direction of arrow 2, Fig. 8, with the cylinder removed. The foregoing figures represent the arrangements which I prefer for carrying out my process; but in the following figures I show modifications which will tend to illustrate various other arrangements by which my process may be applied. Fig. 8 shows a crosssection of a cylinder and three bed-plates,-with a steamer arranged in the center of one of the bed-plates. Fig. 9 shows in'isometric view the construction of the steamer for the apparat is shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 shows a plan view f the same. Fig. 11 shows a crosssection of two cylinders, one having bedplates combined with it and the other having a bed-plate above it, and a steamer arranged below it. Fig. 12 is an isometric view of a cylinder, a bedplate, and a steamer within the cylinder. Fig. 13 isa cross-section of a cylinder, a bed-plate, and an endless apron with a steamer in combination. Figs. 14 and 15 are details of the combination shown in Fig. 13.

Referring, first, to the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, (0 is the cylinder. b is the upper and b'is the lower bed. The face of the cylinder may be either bare or jacketed with felt. The faces of the bed-plates may be faced with sheet metal or otherwise. The cylindcr and bedplates are hollow, with provision for the introduction of steam into them. The edges of the bed-plates, where the steamer is placed, are preferably of the form shown.

The steamer C is made of a trough, 0, provided with a cover, cl. The trough is formed, as shown, so as to be attached to the edge of one of the bed-plates and practically form the continuation thereof. The side of the trough next the cylinder is so formed as to continue the curve of the bed-plate around the cylinder and close up to the other bed-plate, so that when the pressing is going on there will be as little break as possible in the pressure on the cloth in passing from the steamer to the opposite bed-plate.

To further insure the smooth passage of the cloth from the steamer to the opposite bedplate, the adjacent edges of the steamer and the bed-plate are beveled, as-showu in Fig. 3, where the cloth travels from the steamer to the bed-plate, or as shown in Fig. where the cloth travels from the bedplate to the steamer. The face of the steamer next the cylinder should, like the face of the cylinder, he of metal which will not oxidize, The steamer may be secured to the bed-plate by screws or by any other suitable means, and the same is trueof the attachment of the cover of the steamer.

f is a slot or a series of perforations, through which the vapor passes from the steamer into the cloth. There may be n10re than one series is supplied, and a deflector, g, may be supplied t the felt jacket impregnated with vapor from between this pipe and the perforations f, to

throw back any'water which may be formed from the vapor, so that only vapor will pass onto the cloth.

his an, exit-pipe, through which the water may escape.

The cylinder moves in the direction of the arrow. The-cloth receives pressure by the bedplate b, which pressure is continued by the face of thesteamer while the vapor is passing into the cloth. The cloth is then, with as lit- ;tle intermission as possible, pressed by the bed-plate b. The steamer, bed-plates, and cylindex in this arrangement will be all kept heated, so that the vapor passing into the cloth will be in the proper state to prevent any ivater-spots. -The process may also be applied by arranging the steamer in the middle of the bed-plate, as shown in Fig. 8. a in this figure represents the cylinder, which is hollow, so as to be heated by steam, and may be jacketed or not.- b is a bed-plate, which is also hollow, so as to be heated by steam. This bed-plate'may be faced with the metal 0, which is an extension of the steamer C, as shown in Fig. 9, or may be separate andsecured thereto; or the steamer and bed-plate may be in one piece. In Fig. 8 the face walls of the bed-plate are shown formed at d, for the accommodation of the steamer. The steamer C may be formed 'of a trough, 0, within which aperforated pipe,

' e, extends from end to end, and above this pipe a deflector, 9, may project. The. vapor admitted from the pipe e will pass through the seriesof perforations or slot f onto the cloth, and any water formed will be thrown back by the deflector and pass off through a suitable escape-pipe, h. The cylinder will move in the direction of the arrow and the cloth will be pressed and treated by vapor under pressure under the same conditions as by the apparatus previously described. 'The bed-plates might be faced with sheet metal, which might extend over two or more beds. In thiscase the sheetmetal jacket will be perforated where the steam is admitted. In Fig. 11,a and a are two cylinders. The lower cylinder is supplied with a bed-plate or bed-plates b b The upper cylinder, a, is provided with a bed-plate, b. The cylinder a and bed-plates b b will be hollow and heated with steam. The cylinder 0. and bedplate b"' will also be hollow and heated by steam. The cylinder at will be jacketed in felt, and beneath the cylinder will be placed the steamer C,constructed like those already described and so arranged as to throwvapor into the felt j acket. The cylinder at will turn in the direction of the arrow, and the cloth, having been pressed by cylinder at and its bed;plates, will pass either around the roll a or z',as indicated,respectively,in full and broken lines. Thence it will enter between the'cylinder a and bed-plate b. As

4 soon as pressure commences by the bed-plate b", the cloth will bebrought in contact with the cloth while it is under pressure. If desired, a steamer might also be introduced at one or both bed-plates, or between the bedplates band b, andin this case by passing the cloth over roller z it will receive mOlSbllIB on one side at the cylinder (0 and on the other side at the cylinder a. The cylinder at will be so geared that it may be turned in either directiomdepending upon whether the cloth is passed over rollerz or roller z-viz.,whether face side or back side of goods shall be moistened there.

In Figs. 13, 14, and 15 the simultaneous applicationof vapor and pressure is provided for by an apron instead of the jacketed cylinder before described.

a is the cylinder. b is a bed-plate. Both cylinder and bed-plate are hollow and heated by. steam.

b is a felt'apron,which is mounted,as shown in Figs. 14 and 15, on a frame supporting the three frictionrollers at no. The roller m is 'mounted in adjustable bearings of any wellknown construction, by the adjustment of which the apron may be drawn very tight. When the apron is in the position with reference to the cylinder shown in Fig. 13,the efiect of. drawing it tight is to produce a pressure between it and the cylinder.

C is a steamer which throws vapor into the apron just before it comes in contact with the cylinder. This steamer may be similar in construction to those already described. It will be understood that the frame shown 'ICO in Fig. 14 is provided with bearings p, Figs.

14 and15, by means of which the frame is supported at each end in the 'same'manner that the bed plate is usually supported, and in this manner the frameand the apron which it sustains may be moved toward and from the cylinder in the same manner as the bed-plate.

The cylinder and apron will berotatedin the direction shown by arrows. The cloth will receive pressure by the bed-plate b, and then by the apron b; but as it receives pressure is mounted in bear-.

by the'latter'it will take up the vapor carried low and heated by steam; C is a steamer" extending from end to end within the cylinder. The walls of the cylinder are perforated,

and the steamer is so arranged that the vapor escaping from itpassesout upward through the perforations in the walls of the" cylinder and into the cloth as the same is under pressure from the bed-plate b".

It will be understood that the cylinder, bed plate, and steamer of Fig. 12 are to be used in lieu of the cylinder a, bed plate b, and

steamer O in Fig. 11, the parts shown in Fig.

12 being used in connection with the lower cylinder, a, and bed-plates band b of Fig. 11. c Other modifications will suggestthemselves in carrying out my process; but the above will be sufncient to illustrate.

In. all cases it will be understood that 'apparatus should be provided for cutting 011' the flow of vapor whenever the travel of the cloth through the machine stops.

Where the vapor is to be applied to the cloth by an apron or felt jacket, it may not in all cases-be necessary toapply moisture to the apron or jacketin the form of vapor as by a steamer, since if water is applied to the apron or jacket it may be vaporized by contact of the apron orjacket with the heated surfaces, so that it will treat the cloth substantially in the form of vapor.

It will be observed that the cloth receives first a severe pressure, such as is exerted by the dry-hot pressing-surfaces. Subsequently it is moistened while held under pressure. The first pressure is relied on principally for compressing the cloth and laying the fiber.

The moisteningunder pressure is relied on principally for'setting the fiber in the condition in which it is placed by the first press are and improving the firmness, weight, and feeling of the cloth. The pressure which accompanies the moistening may therefore be comparatively light, and may, in fact, in some cases be more in the nature of a confinement than a pressure, so that where 'I refer to it as a pressure itis to be understood in this sense.

The machine, which is preferably used in car-1 rying out this process is the subject of another application, Serial No. 212,702, and

I therefore it is not claimed herein.

I have made another application, Serial No. 277,352, in which I have claimed the steaming" or moistening of the cloth afterit has been pressed and while traveling in contact with a heated surface; also, as it is passing from one pressure to another, without reference to whether the cloth is held under pressure or confinement while being moistened. I do not intend to claim herein the subject-matter of said application.

I claim a 1. The art or process offinishiug cl'otl1,whicl1 consists impressing the cloth and then moistening or steaming it while it is held under pressure, substantially as described. I

2. The art or process offinishing cloth,which consists in pressing the cloth and then moist-' ening or steaming it while it is being pressed against a heated surface,'substantially as described.

3. The art or process offinishing cloth,which consists in pressing the cloth and then moistening it by pressing the same in contact with a moistened apron or jacket between two heated surfaces, substantially as described.

4. The improvement in the art or process of finishing cloth, which consists in feeding the same continuously and without intermission between pressing-surfaces, whereby it receives pressure, and thence between other pressing-surfaces, the cle 11 being treated with moisture while under pressure between the latter pressing surfaces, substantially as described.

DAVID GESSNER. Witnesses:

MAURICE J. ROAGH, CHARLES T. WARD. 

